Burkitt lymphoma is common in children in parts of tropical
Africa. Infection with Epstein–Barr (EB) virus and chronic
antigenic stimulation with malaria both play a part in the
pathogenesis of the tumour. Most lymphoma cells carry an 8;14
translocation or occasionally a 2;8 or 8;22 translocation. The
break points involve the MYC oncogene on chromosome 8 at
8q24, the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene on chromosome
14, and the K and A light chain genes on chromosomes 2 and
22 respectively. Altered activity of the oncogene when
translocated into regions of immunoglobulin genes that are
normally undergoing considerable recombination and
mutation plays an important part in the development of the
tumour.
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